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Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-)
This entry records the difference between national government revenues and expenditures, expressed as a percent of GDP. A positive (+) number indicates that revenues exceeded expenditures (a budget surplus), while a negative (-) number indicates the reverse (a budget deficit). Normalizing the data, by dividing the budget balance by GDP, enables easy comparisons across countries and indicates whether a national government saves or borrows money. Countries with high budget deficits (relative to their GDPs) generally have more difficulty raising funds to finance expenditures, than those with lower deficits.
| Country | Budget surplus (+) or deficit (-) |
|---|---|
| Afghanistan |
-15.1% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Albania |
-2% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Algeria |
-9.6% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| American Samoa |
-2.1% (of GDP)
(2016 est.)
|
| Andorra |
-6.9% (of GDP)
(2016)
|
| Angola |
-6.7% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Anguilla |
0.9% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Antigua and Barbuda |
-2.4% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Argentina |
-6% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Armenia |
-4.8% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Aruba |
-2.7% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Australia |
-0.5% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Austria |
-0.7% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Azerbaijan |
-1.6% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Bahamas, The |
-2.6% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Bahrain |
-10.1% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Bangladesh |
-3.2% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Barbados |
-4% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Belarus |
2.9% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Belgium |
-1% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Belize |
-1% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Benin |
-6.2% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Bermuda |
-2.9% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Bhutan |
-3.4% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Bolivia |
-7.8% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Bosnia and Herzegovina |
2.1% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Botswana |
-1% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Brazil |
-1.1% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| British Virgin Islands |
0% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Brunei |
-17.3% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Bulgaria |
1.8% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Burkina Faso |
-7.9% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Burma |
-3.2% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Burundi |
-5.7% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Cabo Verde |
-3% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Cambodia |
-1.8% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Cameroon |
-3.4% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Canada |
-1% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Cayman Islands |
4.8% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Central African Republic |
-0.9% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Chad |
-1.5% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Chile |
-2.8% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| China |
-3.8% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Colombia |
-2.7% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Comoros |
-6.5% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Congo, Democratic Republic of the |
-0.9% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Congo, Republic of the |
-7% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Cook Islands |
3% (of GDP)
(2010 est.)
|
| Costa Rica |
-6.1% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Cote d'Ivoire |
-4.2% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Croatia |
0.8% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Cuba |
-10.8% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Curacao |
-0.4% (of GDP)
(2012 est.)
|
| Cyprus |
1.8% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Czechia |
1.6% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Denmark |
1.1% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Djibouti |
-9% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Dominica |
-5.9% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Dominican Republic |
-3% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Ecuador |
-4.5% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Egypt |
-8.6% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| El Salvador |
-2.5% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Equatorial Guinea |
-3.3% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Eritrea |
-9.8% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Estonia |
-0.3% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Eswatini |
-8.5% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Ethiopia |
-3.2% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| European Union |
-3% (of GDP)
(2014)
|
| Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas) |
-4% (of GDP)
(FY09/10)
|
| Faroe Islands |
-1.7% (of GDP)
(2014 est.)
|
| Fiji |
-4% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Finland |
-0.6% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| France |
-2.6% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| French Polynesia |
1.2% (of GDP)
(2012)
|
| Gabon |
-1.9% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Gambia, The |
-2.6% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Georgia |
-3.8% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Germany |
1.3% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Ghana |
-6% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Gibraltar |
1.1% (of GDP)
(2008 est.)
|
| Greece |
0.8% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Greenland |
5.6% (of GDP)
(2016 est.)
|
| Grenada |
3.2% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Guam |
-1% (of GDP)
(2016 est.)
|
| Guatemala |
-1.3% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Guernsey |
1.2% (of GDP)
(2005)
|
| Guinea |
-0.5% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Guinea-Bissau |
-1.3% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Guyana |
-4.5% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Haiti |
-1% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Holy See (Vatican City) |
NA
|
| Honduras |
-2.7% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Hong Kong |
5.2% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Hungary |
-2% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
note: Hungary has been under the EU Excessive Deficit Procedure since it joined the EU in 2004; in March 2012, the EU elevated its Excessive Deficit Procedure against Hungary and proposed freezing 30% of the country's Cohesion Funds because 2011 deficit reductions were not achieved in a sustainable manner; in June 2012, the EU lifted the freeze, recognizing that steps had been taken to reduce the deficit; the Hungarian deficit increased above 3% both in 2013 and in 2014 due to sluggish growth and the government's fiscal tightening |
| Iceland |
1.5% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| India |
-3.5% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Indonesia |
-2.7% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Iran |
-2.3% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Iraq |
-4.2% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Ireland |
-0.3% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Isle of Man |
0.3% (of GDP)
(FY05/06 est.)
|
| Israel |
-2% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Italy |
-2.3% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Jamaica |
0.5% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Japan |
-3.5% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Jersey |
-0.4% (of GDP)
(2005)
|
| Jordan |
-5.1% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Kazakhstan |
-1.8% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Kenya |
-6.7% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Kiribati |
-64.1% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Korea, North |
-0.4% (of GDP)
(2007 est.)
|
| Korea, South |
1.4% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Kosovo |
-2.1% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Kuwait |
-10% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Kyrgyzstan |
-3.2% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Laos |
-5.5% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Latvia |
-0.5% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Lebanon |
-6.9% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Lesotho |
-6% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Liberia |
-4.3% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Libya |
-25.1% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Liechtenstein |
1.6% (of GDP)
(2012 est.)
|
| Lithuania |
0.5% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Luxembourg |
1.5% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Macau |
10% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Madagascar |
-2.7% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Malawi |
-3.4% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Malaysia |
-3% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Maldives |
-10.1% (of GDP)
(2016 est.)
|
| Mali |
-2.9% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Malta |
3.9% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Marshall Islands |
1.3% (of GDP)
(2013 est.)
|
| Mauritania |
-0.8% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Mauritius |
-0.3% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Mexico |
-1.1% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Micronesia, Federated States of |
6.6% (of GDP)
(FY12/13 est.)
|
| Moldova |
-0.6% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Monaco |
-1% (of GDP)
(2011 est.)
|
| Mongolia |
-6.4% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Montenegro |
-5.6% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Morocco |
-3.6% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Mozambique |
-5.6% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Namibia |
-5.5% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Nauru |
-9.2% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Nepal |
-0.1% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Netherlands |
1.1% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| New Caledonia |
0% (of GDP)
(2015 est.)
|
| New Zealand |
1.6% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Nicaragua |
-2% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Niger |
-5% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Nigeria |
-1.8% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Niue |
-12.6% (of GDP)
(FY04/05)
|
| North Macedonia |
-2.7% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Northern Mariana Islands |
3.7% (of GDP)
(2016 est.)
|
| Norway |
4.4% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Oman |
-13.8% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Pakistan |
-5.8% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Palau |
8.8% (of GDP)
(2016 est.)
|
| Panama |
-1.6% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Papua New Guinea |
-4.8% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Paraguay |
-1.1% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Peru |
-3.1% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Philippines |
-2.2% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Poland |
-1.7% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Portugal |
-3% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Puerto Rico |
-0.7% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Qatar |
-5.8% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Romania |
-2.8% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Russia |
-1.4% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Rwanda |
-4.3% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Saint Kitts and Nevis |
1.7% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Saint Lucia |
0.3% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Saint Pierre and Miquelon |
3.8% (of GDP)
(1996 est.)
|
| Saint Vincent and the Grenadines |
-0.6% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Samoa |
-4.7% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| San Marino |
-2.9% (of GDP)
(2011 est.)
|
| Sao Tome and Principe |
-2.4% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Saudi Arabia |
-8.9% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Senegal |
-3.6% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Serbia |
0.2% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Seychelles |
-0.5% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Sierra Leone |
-7.9% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Singapore |
-0.3% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Slovakia |
-1% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Slovenia |
0% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Solomon Islands |
-2.9% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Somalia |
-0.1% (of GDP)
(2014 est.)
|
| South Africa |
-4.4% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| South Sudan |
-1.3% (of GDP)
(FY2017/18 est.)
|
| Spain |
-3.1% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Sri Lanka |
-5.5% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Sudan |
-10.6% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Suriname |
-7.8% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Svalbard |
NA
|
| Sweden |
1.3% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Switzerland |
1.1% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Syria |
-8.7% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Taiwan |
-0.1% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Tajikistan |
-1.5% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Tanzania |
-1.8% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Thailand |
-3.5% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Timor-Leste |
-75.7% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Togo |
-3.8% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Tonga |
0% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Trinidad and Tobago |
-8.2% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Tunisia |
-5.8% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Turkey |
-1.5% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Turkmenistan |
-2.8% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Tuvalu |
25.6% (of GDP)
(2013 est.)
|
| Uganda |
-4.1% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Ukraine |
-1.5% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| United Arab Emirates |
-0.2% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| United Kingdom |
-1.9% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| United States |
-3.4% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Uruguay |
-3.5% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Uzbekistan |
0.3% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Vanuatu |
-0.9% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Venezuela |
-46.1% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Vietnam |
-6.7% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Virgin Islands |
-0.4% (of GDP)
(2016 est.)
|
| Wallis and Futuna |
-0.8% (of GDP)
NA
(2015 est.)
|
| West Bank |
0.4% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| World |
-3% (of GDP)
(2016 est.)
|
| Yemen |
-5.2% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Zambia |
-7.3% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|
| Zimbabwe |
-9.6% (of GDP)
(2017 est.)
|